International Women's Day and Girls in Science .. Shocking numbers and facts

The United Nations celebrates women with the International Women and Girl's Day in Science, which falls on February 11, with the aim of recalling the importance of gender equality..

The International Day also aims to inflame the decisive role that women and girls in science and technology can play, and as part of the UNESCO agenda for the year 2030 this day admits that progress in gender equality and progress in science is converged side by side when trying to address global issues.

Over the years, there was a large gap between the sexes in various fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) around the world.

To ensure full, fair, and in science of women and girls, as well as enhance gender equality, the United Nations General Assembly approved a decision to appoint February 11 an international day for women and girls in science.

Gender equality and the liberation of women is crucial not only for global economic development, but also to advance towards all goals and objectives of the 2030 sustainable development plan for the year.

The 2022 festive topic is: “Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: Water unites us”, as United Nations reports indicate that billions of people will not be able to reach the safe household drinking water safely and sanitation and hygiene services in 2030 unless progress rates double 4 times.

Facts and numbers about women and girls in science

Despite the great progress in increasing women in higher education, she is still an active representative in these specialties, and these are some of the most important facts and numbers in this framework.

According to the United Nations website UNWOMEN and UNENENANON, it is:

- At the global level, the number of women researchers is only 33%.

Women represent only 22% of professionals working in the field of artificial intelligence.

Women represent 40% of computer and information science graduates.

Women represent 28% of engineering graduates.

UNESCO Research shows that vocational worlds are still facing gender bias.

- The percentage of women from engineering graduates is less than the global average of many members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), such as: Australia (23.2%), Canada (19.7%), Chile (17.7%), France (26.1%), Japan (14.0%), Republic of Korea (20.1%), Switzerland (16.1%) and the United States (20.4%).

- Women do not benefit from the job opportunities available to experts in advanced fields such as artificial intelligence, as only one woman out of every 5 professionals gets only 22%, according to a study conducted in 2018 by the World Economic Forum on the World Gender Gap.

- The researchers get less research funding than men, and they are also more likely than men to leave the technological field.

- The possibility of the promotion of researchers, and even in large technology companies, including the private sector, decreases, their representation is still incomplete in both leadership and technical positions..

- As for the academic circles, women have achieved numerical parity (45-55%) at the bachelors and master's level.

Women are usually granted smaller research grants than their fellow men, and while they represent 33.3% of all researchers, only 12% of the members of the national scientific academies are women.

- The researchers tend to obtain shorter and less paid jobs, and their work is an imperfect representative in high -level magazines and they are often overcomed for promotion.

- Bias against women also appears in peer reviews and in scientific conferences, as the number of men who are calling for speaking in scientific committees is twice the number of women, according to data collected by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics during the period 2015-2018 from 107 countries.

Discrimination against women in science

AAUW, a association that has defended women and girls since 1881, has presented a set of data that shows discrimination against women and girls in science, most notably:

Women make up only 28% of the workforce in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).

- Only 21 % of engineering specialties and 19 % of computer science specialties are women, which means that males still dominate the most fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics profit..

- For study in colleges, women occupy only 21% of engineering specialties, and only 19% of computer science and information specialties.

- 38 % of the women who specialize in the computer work in the fields of computer, and only 24 % of the engineering specialization work in the engineering field.

- Nearly 80% of the workforce in the field of health care is women, but only 21% of the executives and members of the board of directors are women, and only a third of the doctors are women.

Women are more representative in low -wage fields, such as home health workers, nurses and low -wage specialties such as pediatricians.

- According to the Pew Research Center, the model factor in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics earn more than two thirds of workers in other fields.

- Men's salaries in science, technology, engineering and mathematics increases by about $ 15,000 per year than women ($ 85,000 compared to 60828 dollars).

- Latin and black women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics also earn about 33,000 dollars (with an average of about $ 52,000 a year).

Support messages for women and girls in the field of science

United Nations Secretary -General Antonio Guterres sent a message of support for women on the International Women and Girls Day.

He said: "I invite everyone to create an environment in which a woman can realize her real potential and today's girls are the pioneers of tomorrow and creators, and to form a just and sustainable future for all.".

Today, there is only one woman out of every 3 researchers in science and engineering in the world, and the structural and societal barriers prevent women and girls from entering science and progress in them, according to the official.

The Kofid-19 pandem.

This disparity deprives our world of tremendous talents and innovations that are not exploited, although we need women's views to ensure that science and technology work for everyone.

He added: "We need more women to develop artificial intelligence that serves everyone and works for gender equality, and we also need to reverse the trends that prevent young worlds from following the jobs that help us in treating climate crises and the environment.".

The Director General of UNESCO Audrey Azoulay, and the Executive Director of the United Nations Women, Sima, has sent a joint message on the occasion of the International Day of Women and Girl in Science 2022.

The two officials said: "The main challenges faced by the world today, from the Koruna, need climate change, to the smartest scientific minds to solve them.".

They added: "However, only one in every 3 scholars is a woman, and this blatant disparity not only hinders our ability to find solutions to our common challenges, but also prevents us from building the societies that we need.".

"We must put the principle of equality into practice until the science works for women, because it works against them often. For example: When women established their own starters, they got less than 3% of the total investment capital compared to men," according to the message..

The two officials concluded: "The first step to change this is to provide more opportunities in science and innovation for women, so UNESCO and the United Nations Women seek to involve girls in science education, and ensure their decent position in these professions and industries.".